When was bse

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The disease infects cows and attacks their central nervous system. It's usually fatal. BSE has been reduced to a handful of cases in the UK, with the last recorded case before this one being in Wales in Yes, it can. It's linked to eating contaminated meat. It progressively attacks the brain but can remain dormant for decades.

Since , when it was identified, deaths have been attributed to vCJD. It's thought that one in 2, people in the UK is a carrier of the disease. But it appears that relatively few who catch the infectious agent that causes the disease then go on to develop symptoms. There was an outbreak that started in the late s in the UK.

Since then, the annual numbers of BSE cases in the United Kingdom have dropped sharply— 2 cases in 11 cases in cases in 1, cases in 14, cases in Cattle such as the one pictured here, which are affected by BSE experience progressive degeneration of the nervous system.

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People with vCJD begin with serious psychiatric problems or problems with their senses ears, eyes or smell. This first set of symptoms is followed weeks or months later by poor muscle coordination, muscle spasms, and mental confusion. The illness lasts for at least 6 months, and on average people with vCJD die approximately 13 months after their symptoms begin. When patients' brains are examined by autopsy, there are clear changes in brain tissue structure, including many "spongiform," or open spongy-looking areas, abnormal clumps of prion protein called plaques, and other areas with less prominent accumulations of abnormal prion protein.

On March 20, a statement from the Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee SEAC of the United Kingdom indicated concern that before November , when inclusion of certain cow and sheep by-products in human food was banned, the BSE agent may have been transmitted to people through contaminated food products.

The specific foods, if any that may be associated with the transmission of this agent from cattle to humans are unknown. For instance, all cases of confirmed vCJD have occurred in people who have lived in geographic areas which have had BSE cases.

In addition, the time interval or "incubation period" between the most likely period for the initial exposure of the population to potentially BSE-contaminated food and onset of initial vCJD cases , about 10 years, is similar to the known time intervals between exposure to the classical CJD agent and the development of CJD.

An experimental study reported in June , showed that three cynomolgus macaque monkeys that were injected with brain tissue from cattle with BSE later developed symptoms and changes in brain tissue that were strikingly similar to vCJD Nature ; Another study published in showed that prion proteins obtained from 10 vCJD patients and BSE-infected animals had molecular characteristics that were similar to each other but distinct from prion proteins obtained from patients with classical CJD Nature ; Furthermore, results of an ongoing experimental study involving injection of a panel of various strains of mice with the agent that causes BSE and vCJD suggested that these agents cause a similar disease in mice Nature ; Histological analysis of mouse brains from this study showed no significant differences in the neuropathological changes observed in the BSE and vCJD-infected mice Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology ; These cases have all been diagnosed since France has reported six cases.

In the UK the majority of cases of vCJD were born before , and it is very unlikely that they received vaccines contaminated with the BSE agent Vaccine ; Epidemiological evidence to date suggests that these cases of vCJD acquired the disease from eating beef products containing the BSE agent after To date February there have been reported cases of vCJD.

Of these, have occurred in the UK.